Relative Sea Level Changes in the Eastern Part of the Gulf of Finland during the Last 8000 Years

Shore displacement in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland during the last 8000 radiocarbon years was reconstructed by studying a total of ten lake and mire basins situated in Virolahti in southeastern Finland and on the Karelian Isthmus and in Ingermanland in Russia. The highest Litorina shoreline is situated at ca. 23 m above present sea level in southeastern Finland, whereas in the eastern part of the Karelian Isthmus it is situated at ca. 8 m above present sea level. The amplitude of the Litorina transgression in Virolahti area is ca. 4 metres, whereas on the Karelian Isthmus and in Ingermanland the amplitude has varied between 5–7 metres, reaching up to ca. 7 metres near St. Petersburg and ca. 5 metres further west on the Isthmus.